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Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is an endoscopic examination of the large intestine, during which a doctor inspects the inner surface of the bowel using a special instrument called a colonoscope.

General information

What is a colonoscopy and when is it performed?

Colonoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that allows examination of the mucous membrane of the large intestine to detect inflammatory, infectious, tumorous, or structural changes. It is considered a reliable method for early detection of colorectal cancer, polyps, and other pathologies.

How is colonoscopy performed?

Colonoscopy is carried out using a flexible, thin tube (colonoscope) equipped with a camera and light source. The doctor gently guides it through the rectum and along the entire length of the colon.

This method allows:

tissue sampling (biopsy);
polyp removal;
stopping intestinal bleeding;
assessment of mucosal condition in chronic inflammation.

Which parts are examined?

During colonoscopy, the doctor examines:

the entire large intestine;
the terminal ileum (ileoscopy) — the final part of the small intestine if needed.

When is colonoscopy indicated?

Colonoscopy is performed for symptoms or as a preventive measure. Common indications include:

presence of fresh or clotted blood in the stool
unexplained weight loss
chronic constipation or diarrhea
anemia of unclear cause
abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas
family history of intestinal polyps or cancer
cancer screening for people over 45

How to prepare?

Accurate results depend on bowel cleanliness. Preparation starts 2–3 days in advance and includes:

a special diet excluding hard-to-digest and fiber-rich foods
use of laxatives as prescribed by the doctor

How is the procedure done?

Colonoscopy is performed on an outpatient basis in a special room. The patient lies on their left side. The procedure lasts about 20–40 minutes.

Colonoscopy with sedation

At Nairi Medical Center, colonoscopy can be performed under sedation for maximum comfort. The patient feels no pain or discomfort, and the sedation is monitored by an experienced anesthesiologist to ensure complete safety.

What can colonoscopy detect?

Inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)
Polyps that may turn into tumors
Cancer and precancerous conditions
Sources of intestinal bleeding
Infectious inflammations, strictures, and mucosal damage

Colonoscopy helps not only to diagnose but also to prevent cancer by removing polyps in time.

Where to have colonoscopy in Yerevan?

At Nairi Medical Center, colonoscopy is performed according to international standards by experienced endoscopists and anesthesiologists using modern equipment, ensuring high accuracy and safety.

We provide: